Ford vs. Gm Essay - 4861 Words

FORD MOTOR COMPANY .VS. GENERAL MOTORS Ford Automotive Company Background The Ford Automotive Company began as a vision of its founder Henry Ford. Henry Ford was born in 1863 on a farm near Dearborn, Michigan. In 1890 Ford’s hobby in the engineering field became a career as he began his employment at Detroit Edison Company. In 1892, Ford built his first gasoline buggy in which he sold in 1896 to help fund the construction of a new automobile. Three years later in 1899, Ford was forced to quit despite his promotion to chief engineer because of his hobby outside of work. The loss of his career at Detroit Edison Company did not slow Ford down. Soon after that he started Detroit Automobile Company with the help of some private†¦show more content†¦Ford, Jr. (Executive Chairman) and Alan R. Mulally (President amp; CEO). Ford’s production consists of automobiles and automotive parts. Ford produces amazing vehicles such as the Mustang, F-150, Fusion, Taurus, Focus, etc. Ford also has subsidiaries such as Jaguar, Land Rover, and Vo lvo. Ford has its own luxury cars under the Lincoln brand. The line of services that ford provides involves automotive finance, vehicle leasing, and vehicle service. Ford Motor Company has had an exceptional year with revenue up $136.26 billion, operating income up $8.681 billion, net income up $20.21 billion, total assets up $178.35 billion, and total equity up $15.07 billion. General Motors Company Profile General Motors Company is labeled as a publicly traded company on the New York Stock Exchange. The headquarters of GM is located in Detroit, Michigan in the Renaissance Center. GM has 156 facilities on six different continents and serves the public worldwide. One the key people in the current success of GM is Daniel Ackerson (Chairman and CEO). Their products include automobiles and automotive parts and also financial services. GM has a many subsidiaries that consist of CAMI, Adam Opel AG, Holden Ltd, Vauxhall, and more. GM’s divisions include Chevrolet, Buick, Cadillac, and GMC. The 202,000 employees have helped to produce revenue adding up to $150.28 billion in 2011. To add to GM’s great year, theShow MoreRelatedGm vs Ford11134 Words   |  45 Pagesfinancial evolution of General Motors Company (GM) in the last ten years. Events like the global economic recession lead to a deep restructuring of the firm, filling for bankruptcy and a government bailout. The re port provides an analysis of GM’s business model, products, the markets it is competing in, the global automotive and manufacturing industry and it also assess its attractiveness for incumbents and new entrants is also With a brief history of GM we evaluate its reaction to the global recessionRead MoreManagaging Organizational Change2845 Words   |  12 Pageschosen to research the topic of Both Ford and GM experienced serious issues during the pre, during and post TARP period causing them to restructure and change how they do business. Each of them reacted to these pressures differently. My paper will compare and contrast the way both companies reacted to this pressure. According to the Wall Street Journal, UBS auto analyst Colin Langan did a comparison report on GM and Ford. His report compares Ford and GM across eight different categories: 1)Read MoreAuto Deals Of The United States Automobile Industry Essay1025 Words   |  5 Pagesa year prior. Deals for Chrysler, Ford and GM additionally expanded while Nissan and Ford enrolled slight decreases for the month. Jeep deals keep on paing the Chrysler Group. Chrysler, Ford and GM GM keeps on leadding the business sector, appreciating a 6 percent deals increment for November. Buick and GMC paced deals with Chevrolet deals increasing an unassuming 3 percent. Nonetheless, Cadillac deals keep on pulling back, falling 19 percent for the month. GM acknowledged Black Friday deals forRead MoreCar Guys Vs Bean Counters : The Battle For The Soul Of American Business1121 Words   |  5 PagesBook Review: Car Guys vs Bean Counters: The Battle For The Soul Of American Business By xxxx There is no question, especially in the light of the rear view mirror of the car industry in the last decade, that any book written by an ex-executive the industry will have some revisionist history. In this regard Lutz did not disappoint, and from a self-described product guy, he seems to lay out the reasons for the incredible collapse of his industry everywhere else except at his feet. For some reasonRead MoreFord vs Chevy Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Ford vs Chevrolet Ford and Chevrolet (Chevy) are in the automotive industry and have been in completion for many years start back in 1908, both companies started in the state of Michigan and have been battling it out for profits, market share and hometown bragging rights. Ford was founded in the suburb of Dearborn, Michigan and Chevy was founded in Flint, Michigan. Ford and Chevy both are good-producing sectors, they both manufacture automobiles that are similar but different. They each haveRead MoreFinance Project3247 Words   |  13 PagesFinance Final Project General Motors Company vs Ford Motor Company Lauren Grippo GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION (COMPANY) General Motors Corporation (General Motors or GM) was incorporated on August 11, 2009. Also known as GM, the company designs, builds and sells cars, trucks and automobiles parts globally and headquartered in Detroit, Michigan. The company also provides automotive financing services through General Motors Financial Company, Inc. (GM Financial). The company designs, manufacturesRead MoreFord Vs. General Motors3476 Words   |  14 PagesFord Vs. General Motors: Comparisons of the Greatest Manufacturers According to Forbes, in 2007, there were forty different car brands in the United States with about sixteen million automobiles sold (Marks). Although there are many manufacturers, two of the main automobile distributors are Ford and General Motors. The distributors specialize in all ranges of vehicles including compact cars to large sports utility vehicles. Ford, being one of the largest manufacturers, not only operates in theRead MoreJaguar (Ford Takeover)3979 Words   |  16 Pages DM (indirect via competitors) –Historically, Jaguars competitors in the US luxury car market have been the German’s Porsche, BMW, Merc Benz. Thus the DM exchange rate risk is to Jaguar is that the USD appreciates more (depreciates less) vs DM than it does vs GBP. In that case, the German car manufacturers may be able to steal market share from Jaguar with negative implications for Jaguar’s earnings, cashflow, valuation. Source of the USD historic exposure - Since Jaguar has costs in the UK (GBP)Read MoreBusiness Analysis- Ford Motor Company Essay2411 Words   |  10 PagesAbstract A financial analysis of Ford Motor Company’s (Ford) statements will identify their solvency in today’s automobile market. Elements such as liquidity, leverage, profitability, and activity ratios will demonstrate Ford’s financial health and stability. A further assessment of their technological advantages, global strategies, and benchmarking analysis will indicate the future prognosis of this company. Business Analysis Part III: Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company: Strategic Initiative Read More Comparing Ford Mustangs and Chevy Camaros Essay1147 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Ford Mustangs and Chevy Camaros Muscle Car, two distinctive cars come to mind, the Camaro and the Mustang. Throughout the era of the early 1950s and 1960s, there was a revolutionary movement that took place and paved the ground work for todays Muscle Cars known as the Ponycar Era. Ask any avid Camaro or Mustang fan about the ponycar era, and watch their pain. They will describe cars that would light the tires on fire, floor it, and hang onto the wheel excitement. Back in the

East of Eden by John Steinbeck - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1093 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/08/15 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: East of Eden Essay Did you like this example? What about a novel where the purest of heart is ruthlessly punished? What version of morality is Steinbeck advocating for? A clear extraction from all of his narrative decisions is the idea that goodness is only a virtue when it exists in tandem with bad, only when a man composed of equal measures of malice and benevolence wills himself to abide by the latter. When goodness manifests effortlessly, it is more of a vice than a virtue, as seen in our less rounded A- characters. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "East of Eden by John Steinbeck" essay for you Create order With that in mind, for Steinbecks take on morally nuanced, irrepressibly good-willed men, we turn to Samuel Hamilton and Lee, two narratives not bound by namesake, running adjacent to the more archetypical Trask family. The two, through experience and wisdom of age, have developed the ability to accept in stride the paradoxical amalgamation of good and evil in themselves and actively find empowerment over their respective destinies. Samuel Hamilton, Steinbecks larger-than-life righteous man, is so rapidly aged from continuous familial tragedies and acting as the dutiful patriarch of a wholesome family that his unsatisfying, wrongful demise seems inappropriate. His son, Tom Hamilton, shoots himself in his farmhouse with his extended family miles away despite being a loving brother and a kind soul. This is contrasted with the implication that Cathy got what was coming to her, committing suicide by poison in the solitude of her office. The inconsistent degree of poetry justice Steinbeck dishes out stands to confuse rather than clarify. The rationalisation of that is as follows. Steinbecks good is defined as good entirely without conditions, not so much blind as it is selfless. The stories from the fictional Trasks make narrative sense because they are written to convey an unambiguous moral lesson, but the Hamiltons are real people and hence their stories irregular. If the autobiographically inclined narrative following a conventional framework- our heroes get their well-earned happy endings and our villains eternal damnation- the decision to do good becomes a selfish one and much less free, as a choice between happiness and misery scarcely qualifies a choice. The consequences of our choices outside of Eden do not necessarily coincide with our intentions, good or bad. Adams good is irrational, without proper motivation or justification, which explains why it eludes Cathy entirely, why she could not fathom Adams immunity to her manipulation. Straining the qualifier further, Steinbeck offers that goodness arising from a fear of hellfire or a desire for heaven does not qualify as true goodness. It may also serve as a final condemnation of Arons warped sense of entitlement, who wanted the story and he wanted it to come out his way. couldnt stand to know about his mother because thats not how he wanted the story to goand he wouldnt have any other story. So he tore up the world (Steinbeck 444). East of Eden treads the careful line between fact and fiction, vacillating from an ancestral biography from the perspective of Samuels grandson and an omniscient moralistic creator, specifically in-between the Trask and the Hamiltons. The Trasks lead a life dictated by mythical symbolism while the Hamiltons legacy seem more or less grounded in reality. A moment that illuminated this diversion is during Cathy Trasks childbirth. Cathy Trasks physical descriptions are blatantly villainous, first likened to a reptile with Her ears were very little, without lobes, and they pressed so close to her head that even with her hair combed up they made no silhouette (Steinbeck 58), and later morphs into the Sabbatic goat Satan, her feet small and round and stubby, with fat insteps almost like little hoofs. (59) Around the Hamilton, such outlandish character become comically antagonistic, borderline satirical, lashing out by biting Samuel Hamilton on the hand during childbirth, an injury that sent him into a feverish slumber, not alike the symptoms of a venomous snakebite. Fantastical characters like these not only leave disbelief not only unsuspended, but also actively enforced. Lee is, rather unambiguously, the mouthpiece by which Steinbeck underscores the storys theme. The moment he decides to is when he gives up his singular character motivation to open a bookshop is when he fully committed as a framing device, likewise when he was passed over from friendship with the somewhat truthful Hamiltons to the servitude of the completely fabricated Trasks. Hence his experience could be regarded as the same metafictional excessiveness as the Trask characters. His horrific birth in particular exemplifies the ugliness one has to suffer through to grapple with Timshel. Amidst the maudlin revelations and impassioned journey of each character, Lees story is a horrifically depersonalised, less delicate illustration of the ubiquitous truth. My father came to [my mother] on the pile of shale. She had not even eyes to see out of, but her mouth still moved and she gave him his instructions. My father clawed me out of the tattered meat of my mother with his fingernails (Steinbeck 276) Something so deeply personal accounted by Lee himself in such a clinical, cooly visceral way again enforces his role as a transcendent, objective overseer to the drama, even his own. The narrative fabricated has Lees mother brutally raped then left to bleed out after the construction workers discovered she had lied about her gender and subsequently hidden her pregnancy to get work. That much is fully sufficient to establish the primal evil in man, but then we are told that Lee was cared for and brought up by the entire camp, the same people who murdered his mother, hence the capacity for penance even in the irredeemable. As extreme of a conclusion that might be, it shows how sure Steinbeck is in his convictions that humans are equal parts good and bad, so resolute that he is willing to take the ridiculous yet inevitable conclusion against the evidence of common sensibilities. Despite all the pillage and misery, classifying Steinbecks world as bleak and dreadful would be a grave misnomer. East of Eden is a jeremiad, but an infectiously hopeful one at that. And though not subtly put, Steinbecks message is an important one. The title East of Eden alludes to the biblical passage where Cain went out from the presence of the Lord and dwelt in the land of Nod, east of Eden. (Genesis 4:16, New International Version), where he transformed human culture from innocence to craftiness, the society that sprung from him Godless and independent. To live far from his influence was a punishment in the Bible, but to Steinbeck, a world rid of supernatural control, adherent to the fickle whims of humanity, is the only legitimate one.

Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Essay - 945 Words

Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Everyday people make decisions that affect their future lives. Do people make the right decisions? What makes a decision a right one? What may be right to some, may be wrong to others. There are no right or wrong decisions but those that people choose and believe to be right varying from each individual. In Hemingways realistic story, Hills Like White Elephants, Jig attempts to make a crucial change in her life by making the right decision, but is unable to because of her weak characteristic flaws. Jig is indecisive about her decision. Even though she realizes the possibilities, she has difficulties letting go of old habits, has a low self-esteem that leads to her being submissive,†¦show more content†¦Surely, she must know the possible damage she can cause the baby to have, but does it stop her from drinking? No, this only indicates that she is still not ready to change completely. Even though she wants to change, something, perhaps her old ways, is holding her back from doing so. Maybe this explains why she drinks during her pregnancy. Jig has many characteristics that define her as being a weak character. Due to her submissive quality, she gives in to her lover regardless her own feelings. One of the reasons why she feels the need to make him happy lies in her fear of losing him. And if I do it youll be happy and things will be like they were and youll love me? Apparently, Jig is willing to sacrifice her own will for his, if it means making him happy. She struggles on a decision between her mind and her heart. Her mind is telling her to keep the baby, but her heart is telling her the opposite-to go through the operation. It is a decision between her love for him and willingness to make him happy versus her self- interest to make the right decision. Obviously, it is her low self- esteem that gears her towards giving in to him. If I do it you wont ever worry...then Ill do it because I dont care about me. This quotes clearly shows how she is passive and submissive. Her weak flaw lies in the fact that she doesnt consider her feelingsShow MoreRelatedHemingway’s Hills Like White Elep hants Essay1908 Words   |  8 Pagesthe literary pieces he writes. Hemingway proves this by writing his short story, Hills Like White Elephants. Hemingway also quoted, â€Å"I never had to choose a subject - my subject rather chose me† (E. Hemingway, QuotesPedia). This also relates to Hemingway composing Hills Like White Elephants along with many of his other works. Hemingway refers to past events in his life in his writings. For example, in Hemingway’s novel, A Farewell to Arms, Hemingway is referring to his service in World War I,Read MoreEssay On Abortion In Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants900 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"If she chooses the barren solution, the girl knows that she will never again have a chance at choosing happiness† (Teaching the Culture of Life: Hills Like White Elephants). â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† goes in depth on a relationship where one partner wants an abortion and the other is questioning the abortion, the relationship, and their future together. Jig is confronted with a life altering decision. She can have the abortion and try to stay with her partner in a dry and barren relationshipRead MoreAbortion In Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants1237 Words   |  5 Pages The short story â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† by Ernest Hemingway, talk about a young couple and their relationship issue about abortion. Even though, the story happened in a short period of time, but it tells more than just a story. The woman named Jig, where the man only called as â€Å" a man† or â€Å" The American.† Although the relationship between them is complicated, but it is clearly that they are not married. However, they continued their relationship which came to result that Jig became pregnantRead MoreErnest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Essay743 Words   |  3 Pages WC: 754 Title: Sacred Moments Close interpretation of the story quot;Hills Like White Elephantsquot; by Ernest Hemingway leads the reader to an issue that has plagued society for decades. Understanding of the human condition is unveiled in the story line, the main setting, and through the character representation. The main characters in the story are an American man and a female named Jig. The conflict about abortions is an issue that still faces society today. Architectural and atmosphericRead MoreEssay on Hemingways Minimalism in Hills Like White Elephants1455 Words   |  6 PagesHemingway’s Minimalism in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† In this essay we will look at Earnest Hemingway’s â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† as an example of his use of the minimalist technique, what that technique is, and what its overall effect has on the reader. What is minimalism and how did Hemingway use this technique in â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants†? The primary effect of Minimalism in modern prose is to place the control of the work back onto the reader. That is to say, the reader is forcedRead MoreAbortion In Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants1664 Words   |  7 PagesOn its surface level, Ernest Hemingway’s short story, Hills Like White Elephants, appears to be a seemingly simple tale of an American man and a girl waiting at a train station in Spain while having a civil conversation about an unmentioned operation over a few drinks; however, after readers look past the nondescript writing style of Hemingway, it becomes evident that the conversation is actually revolving around a topic much more serious. The â€Å"simple† operation the man is trying to convince theRead More Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Essay1065 Words   |  5 PagesErnest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants Ernest Hemingways short story Hills Like White Elephants relies on symbolism to carry the theme of either choosing to live selfishly and dealing with the results, or choosing a more difficult and selfless path and reveling in the rewards. The symbolic materials and the symbolic characters aid the readers understanding of the subtle theme of this story. The hills symbolize two different decisions that the pregnant girl in our story is facedRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants991 Words   |  4 Pagespeople outside of just the person that is making the decision, this causes a person to be weary of their choices. In Ernest Hemingway’s story, â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants,† he focuses the attention on how difficult it can be to make the right decision by expressing the elements through the setting, character, conflicts, symbols, and foreshadowing in the story. In Hemingway’s story, he creates the setting in which he writes, â€Å"It was very hot and the express from Barcelona, would arrive in forty minutesRead MoreAnalysis Of Ernest Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants711 Words   |  3 Pagesanother perspective that first impression often evolves, like looking through a lens. This phenomenon can be observed in literature. Ernest Hemingways â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† tells of a man and a woman waiting at a Spanish railway station. While having drinks, they discuss the option of her having an abortion. Brooks The Mother discusses the mental effects of abortion and how a woman may feel after having one. At first glance, Hemingway’s story simply shows that abortions can hurt and put strainRead MoreJohn Updikes AP and Hemingways Hills Like White Elephants1016 Words   |  4 Pagestakes both genders to create love, and those genders are often separated by inequality. Both these themes coincide well together; the clash of love and gender inequality is interestingly captivating. In John Updikes AP and Ernest Hemingway’s Hills Like White Elephants, both stories send a conclusive message to the reader that equality between both sexes in love and attraction is almost impossible; one gender will always be more powerful than the other. In AP by John Updike, the story portrays

Journal Software Engineering Applications †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal Of Software Engineering Applications? Answer: Introducation Project quality management is the application of skills, tools, techniques and knowledge to ensure that a project is complete and successful (Munier, 2013). A project is basically a contractual assignment that is given to a group of team members to be completed within a certain time period. In a project, there are certain specific common constraints that face project team member which are: the project scope, project time period, the budget and the resources to be used to complete the project. This means that for a project management to be successful, the project managers or team members have to achieve the objectives set (produce the expected product or service in terms of quality, quantity, physical appearances etc.) within the constraints (Basu, 2016). Therefore, for that to be possible, project quality management has to be used to guide the project activities and members. Project Quality management can be said to be the process of controlling, planning, directing and organizing al l the activities that are directly responsible for developing and improving the project quality or rather the quality of the projects end result (Kerzner, 2013). Project quality management involves operations that work towards ensuring that the project will satisfy the expected needs. This operations may include identifying and modifying activities like: management activities, objectives, quality policies, roles and responsibilities (Levin, 2014). The project manager, business owners and stakeholders ought to ensure that these activities are guided and implemented towards improving the project quality as well as that of the end result or product. In a project management process, there are four major components which are: quality planning, quality assurance, quality control and quality improvement (Tinnaluri, 2016). These four components are to be used by the project managers by coordinating them with other activities being carried out by the project team members to ensure project completion and success. Project quality management also refers to ensuring that all activities that are being conducted by the project team members are done according to the rules and regulations and towards the common goal and objective. Therefore, the project managers should ensure that the team members have strong skills, technical knowledge and ability and are great experts at their field of operations (Liberatore et al, 2013). This will certainly ensure that the project quality is of no question. However, for such a coordination to be manageable, the project managers should develop and implement a quality management plan which is basically a sch edule or an outline of what requirements are needed and relevant for the achievement of the quality standards. This means that the business owners and stakeholders have to identify the quality standards while the project managers and team members determine the techniques, procedures and methods of achieving those standards. For global project teams, the project quality management plan can be a very difficult process to develop and implement. This is simply because the team members, stakeholders and business owners are technically in different parts of the world. Global teams means that the team members have a common goal and objective at the end of the project, but are placed in different countries or continents in the world. In such a scenario, there are very many differences between the members which makes any project management plan possible or easy to execute. However, with an agreed project management plan before the project begins, a global project team can achieve the quality management of a project as well as that of the product itself. Components Of Project Quality Management As mentioned earlier, quality management typically involves four components. These components are capable of managing a project quality or rather they are used to determine the quality of any project. For a global project team to be successful in any project, these components must be identified and procedures developed and implemented to achieve them. The following are the components: Quality Planning Quality is a characteristic or feature of something. Project quality planning is the identification and determination of the quality standards that are relevant to a project. Also, it involves the identification and development of the procedures, techniques and methods that can be implemented to achieve those quality standards. In this phase, the project goals and objectives are set, project deliverables or requirements listed, policies and procedures identified and roles and responsibilities divided among the team members. This is one of the most important phases of a project management plan. By conducting this phase, the project team members will be working towards achieving a common goal. Therefore, this component should be communicated effectively to the stakeholders and business owners simply because they are the ones to determine the project quality in the end. In addition to that, their participation is needed and important to ensure that all the project requirements are liste d before it begins. Quality Assurance This phase involves the analysis and evaluation of the project performance frequently to determine whether the project will meet its expectations or not. However, this components involves the satisfaction of the project quality standards only. This phase is used to track the projects progression to determine that it is on the right track, i.e. towards achieving the quality standards of the customer. In other words, quality assurance is used to identify the project failure, mistake or problems and determine the corrective measure to be taken (Nicholas et al, 2017). To add to that, quality assurance ensures that the corrective measures fall towards achieving the quality standards for the project. Therefore, quality assurance can be said to be a project process that helps in the improvement of the activities and processes conducted during a project execution to ensure that the quality standards of the project are met. Quality Control This is a component that is involved in a projects final phases, mostly after a project is completed. It inspects and conducts project reviews with an aim of ensuring its success. In other words, quality control involves monitoring the project activities, procedures and schedule to ensure that they comply with the quality standards set to be achieved. In addition to that, this phase identifies possible problems (in relation to quality control or quality plan) and devices solutions to the problems. However, if the solutions fail to meet the expected standards, other alternatives are used until the quality standards of the project as well as the end product are met. Fundamentally, the quality control phase ensures the elimination of unsatisfactory project performance, in regard with quality. Quality Improvement In general terms, quality improvement involves finding new or better ways and methods to make the quality of a product or service better. Project quality improvement includes introducing better resources to carry out a project. This means involves better qualifies, skilled and knowledgeable team members in the project (Schwalbe, 2015). Also, it involves including strong experts into the project. This phase ensures that the project team members have got what it takes to produce the expected quality of project. During this phase, the project managers and users are required to interact with other project managers with an aim of learning anything that can improve the quality of the project in any way. However, this will limit the people involved only to quality related information. According to Simona et al, 2011, this is a component that is fundamental in a global project members because they are all required to participate and share any information or knowledge that can improve the qua lity of a project. On the other hand, it can be a very beneficial aspect because in a global team, different people with different views and knowledge on quality are involved. For a global team to achieve project quality management, they must work together in creating an effective and efficient quality management plan to use during the project implementation. This simply means that the business owners, stakeholder, project managers and the other project team members have to rely on each other for information and support. Furthermore, they all have to let go the differences between them to achieve the expected quality standards of the project. However, they have to need to ensure that all the components listed above are identified and procedures for their achievement determined (Alami, 2016). There are challenges that face global project team members that should also be identified. Challenges Facing Global Project Team Members Cultural Differences In a global project, the management of any project becomes a difficult task for the project managers because of the cultural differences among the members. Due to these differences, there are additional challenges, e.g. with communication. The different attitudes and behaviors caused by cultural differences increase the possibility of problems arising during the project executing. Furthermore, the cultural diversities increases the possibilities of project failure which is caused by the failure of the team members to adapt to the culture or behavior that is meant to complete the project successfully (Alami, 2016). In that case, the project quality management plan creation becomes a challenge for the whole team as well. In case of an IT project, the cultural differences may involve operations like different ways of handling and using technology to produce a product. Therefore, for global teams, effective and efficient technology should be used but should not influence the cultural practices of the members or the users. Technological Differences In a global team, there are different team members from different countries. These countries certainly have different technological advancement status which brings inequality in a project. Therefore, in a case of IT project, the team members are likely going to underrate or underestimate the ideas and opinions of a member whose origin is a less developed country (Lima et al, 2014). This differences can cause problems for the members which creates a non-conducive environment for project success, e.g. disputes and arguments involved. This also affects the creation of an effective project quality management plan that should guide the team. Geographical Boundaries In a global project team, the members are always very far apart which means that the management process becomes a challenge. This also means that there are no meetings to be held on a regular basis (either for update of the project status or assurance of the projects track) like in a local project. The long distance between the members make communication difficult. These teams mostly communicate through emails, Skype, phone calls, video calls among others. However, these also are challenges because of the time differences in the world. All of these challenges have the capability of affecting the creation and implementation of a project quality management plan which becomes a challenge to the project itself. Management Differences Different countries have different project management structures, techniques and methods. Therefore, for a global team, this becomes a challenge because every member would think that their structure is better or more effective that the others (Gulesin et al, 2015). This means that each member will want their structure to be implemented in the project. This challenge is capable of causing arguments and disputes among the members which will affect the project implementation, performance and success. Differences in Legal Matters This is in relation to the laws that govern a country. A global project will have a specific goal and objective for every member no matter their location. However, different countries have different laws and regulations governing certain specific projects, products or services. According to ul Haq et al, 2011), there are chances that the rules and regulations of the countries will go against those of the project objective. This means that it becomes a challenge for a team member to comply with the country laws or focus on achieving the project objective. For instance, laws that govern quality regulations of a product or service. In case of an IT project, legal matters may involve things like laws governing the technology use in the country. In this case, the global project team member should not be involved with any activity or operation that will break the countrys law, especially concerning use of the technology. Culture Recognition This involves the project managers and the other team members recognizing and respecting the culture of every team member involved in the project. Also, it involves being aware of the differences between the members, e.g. being aware of the cultural celebrations like national and religious holidays. To add to that, culture recognition include also recognition of the different ethnic groups and races among the project team members (Aarseth et al, 2011). Through this, each team member will certainly feel respected and valuable despite their differences with others. Also, it will help the members work together hence encouraging team work and better understanding. Navigation of the Time Zones With the long distances between the members, great differences in time zones is involved. This causes communication difficulties and hence no effective communication structure or process. This basically means that sometimes it is challenging to conduct a meeting or set up a meeting time for everyone in the team spread over the globe. The solution for this can be to come up with a way of coordinating the members and knowing the time suitable for each member to meet, e.g. by using the TimeAndDate.com which is a world clock that also has a meeting planner tool. Effective Leadership Effective leadership or management team can solve most of the challenges involved in a global project team. However, most of the challenges that may be solved by this include: issues to do with different management structures and techniques, technological differences, legal matters among others (Aarseth et al, 2013). A good project manager will ensure that all members are comfortable with carrying out any project activity without breaking the country laws. Conclusion For every project, the quality characteristics of the project or product are defined by the business owners and stakeholders. However, project managers and the project team members have to implement the procedures and methods of achieving those quality features demanded by the client. The four components of project quality management plan (quality control, assurance, planning and improvement) should be used to achieve the quality standards in every project. From project initiation stage to the completion stage, these four aspects should be checked and kept on track. On the other hand, global project teams are usually faced by a number of challenges that affect the quality of a project or product. These teams should hinder some of the solutions discussed above to solve the related challenges. References Aarseth, W., Rolstads, A., Andersen, B. (2011). Key factors for management of global projects: a case study.International Journal of Transitions and Innovation Systems,1(4), 326-345. Aarseth, W., Rolstads, A., Andersen, economics. (2013). 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